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（该文由京东中美肾病医院肾衰治疗中心摘录）

【摘要】 目的  探讨小儿急、慢性肾衰竭的临床特点，以提高本病的诊治水平。 方法  回顾性分析29例住院急、慢性肾衰竭患儿的临床资料。 结果  急性肾衰竭（arf）发病年龄在（6.16±3.9）岁，病因以感染、药物性肾损害多见，原发病以急性肾小球肾炎最为常见。慢性肾衰竭（crf）发病年龄在（11.25±2.8）岁，病因以感染、泌尿系统先天畸形多见，原发病以慢性肾小球肾炎、先天性泌尿系统畸形常见。辅助检查显示:两组在酸碱平衡、离子代谢、免疫功能紊乱方面差异有显著性。 结论  小儿急、慢性肾衰竭各有其特点。应早期诊断，积极治疗急性肾衰竭，定期随访，避免应用具有肾损害的中西药。开展连续性肾脏替代治疗对小儿急、慢性肾衰竭的防治具有重要意义。
 
关键词  急性肾衰竭 慢性肾衰竭 儿童 临床特征
 
compared analysis of the clinical data on29children with acute and chronic renal failure
 
liu yuhua，lai jia ing
 
department of pediatrics，yuebei peoples ho ital of shaoguan，guangdong512026.
 
【a tract】 objective to explore the clinical features of acute and chronic renal failure in children.meth-ods the relevant data of29i atients were collected and analyzed，retro ectively.results the o et age of acute renal failure（arf）was（6.16±3.90）years old，infectio  and renal damage caused by medicine were its common pathogeny，the common primary disease was acute glomerulonephritis.the o et age of chronic renal failure（crf）was（11.25±2.80）years old，its pathogeny usually was infectio  and congenital malformatio  in urinary system，chronic glomerulonephritis and congenital malformatio  in urinary system were commonly its primary diseases.laboratory ex-amination found that there were significant differences in acid-base disturbances and electrolyte disorders and im-mune dysfunctio  in two grou .conclusion acute and chronic renal failure in child have themselves particular clinical features.positive measures，such as early diagnosis，early and effective treatment to arf，following up regular-ly，avoiding usage of drugs with renal damage etc，must be taken.moreover，continuous renal replacement therapy（cr-rt）plays an important role in prevention and treatment of arf and crf.
 
key words acute ren